Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a quick and noninvasive imaging test that gives your eye doctor a detailed look at the layers of your retina. It works by using infrared light waves to capture cross-sectional images, helping your doctor diagnose and monitor various eye conditions. The technology is also gaining use in other in other medical fields like cardiology, neurology, and oncology.

When Should You Get an OCT Exam?

Your eye doctor may recommend an OCT scan if you’re experiencing vision changes or if you’re at risk for certain eye conditions. Regular scans can help track any changes in your retina over time. OCT is often used to diagnose and manage:

• Retinal conditions like age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal detachment
• Optic nerve issues such as glaucoma and optic atrophy
• Other eye concerns including eye cancer, cystoid macular edema, and posterior vitreous detachment.

OCT can also be used to examine the front of your eye, helping your doctor diagnose structural issues or prepare for surgery. Since the technology relies on light waves, it can’t be used with conditions like cataracts or scarred corneas that impede the flow of light through your eye. 

What to Expect During an OCT Scan

Getting an OCT scan is quick, easy, and completely painless. The process is similar to an ultrasound, but instead of sound waves, it uses light to create detailed images. You might have your pupils dilated before the scan, so your doctor can get a better view of your retina. Then, you’ll rest your chin on a support, focus on a target, and let the machine scan each eye. Scanning usually takes just a few minutes.

There are no risks with an OCT scan, but if your pupils are dilated, you may have some temporary light sensitivity or blurry vision. Your doctor will review the results right away, comparing them to any previous scans to monitor changes and determine the best next steps for your eye health.

*Cleveland Clinic. (2024, September 24). Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Retrieved from  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/optical-coherence-tomography-oct  

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