Glaucoma affects millions worldwide, but early detection and proactive measures can significantly mitigate its impact. Ophthalmologist Jithin Yohannan from the Wilmer Eye Institute at Johns Hopkins Medicine underscores the importance of lifestyle changes and medication adherence in managing the condition effectively. Here he offers some practical tips to enhance quality of life for individuals diagnosed with glaucoma.*

Follow your eye drop regimen 

One of the cornerstone strategies in managing glaucoma is strict adherence to prescribed medications. For many patients, this involves consistent use of eyedrops, whether they’re prescribed as:

• Morning-only, 
• Nighttime-only, or 
• Two or three times a day. 

Setting reminders on electronic devices and maintaining a structured schedule can help ensure timely administration. Yohannan emphasizes that unwavering commitment to medication regimens is paramount in preventing vision deterioration.

Prevent falls and other accidents

Glaucoma can heighten the risk of falls and accidents, particularly due to compromised peripheral (side) vision. Making changes for safer movement within your home environment, such as using contrasting colors to delineate boundaries and organizing commonly used items for easy accessibility, can mitigate these risks. 

Practicing scanning techniques before walking—moving the head from left to right and top to bottom—can also be helpful, Yohannan says, by:

• Enhancing situational awareness, and 
• Helping you identify potential obstacles. 

These proactive steps contribute to a safer living environment for individuals with glaucoma, minimizing the likelihood of accidents and injuries.

Make healthy living a habit 

Exercise plays a vital role in promoting overall health, including eye health, for individuals with glaucoma. While regular physical activity is beneficial, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional to tailor an exercise routine that minimizes risks associated with increased eye pressure. 

Certain activities should be avoided or at least approached cautiously, as they increase internal eye pressure which can hasten glaucoma progression. These include:

• Yoga positions involving placing your head below your heart (e.g. downward dog),
• Heavy weightlifting, and 
• Any activity that causes you to hold your breath long enough for your face to turn red. 

Seek support

For those facing challenges in reading due to low vision, various assistive tools and technologies are available to facilitate accessibility, such as: 

• Handheld magnifiers, 
• Audiobooks, and 
• Online text-to-speech readers.

Additionally, adjusting font sizes and contrast settings on digital devices can improve readability for individuals with visual impairments, enabling greater independence in accessing written content.

Embracing a support network comprising friends, family, and healthcare professionals is crucial for effectively managing glaucoma. Beyond providing assistance with daily tasks and medication management, Yohannan says, your support system members can:

• Ensure regular communication with your glaucoma care team, 
• Facilitate timely adjustments to treatment plans, and 
• Help you access specialized eye care services. 

Proactive engagement and partnership with your healthcare providers and adhering to your recommended interventions can go far in preserving your vision long-term. 

“The vast majority of patients will not go blind from glaucoma if they maintain good follow-up with their care team and follow their recommendations,” says Yohannan. “Glaucoma is often a very manageable disease.”

*Yohannan, J. (2024). 5 Tips for Living Better with Glaucoma. Johns Hopkins Medicine. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/5-tips-for-living-better-with-glaucoma#:~ 

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